Strength and material Essay Example

The experiment was made up of two parts, the practical part and mathematically calculated part. The theoretical part was first carried out and the experimental part later. The experiment was meant to determine the deflection of a frame under load. The frame used had two planes, CB and AB, the frame material for both planes was the same but of different length sizes and direction. Section CB was horizontal while section AB was vertical, they were both connected at point B which is the end of point CB. It was a fixed frame attached to point C. Section CB is like a cantilever Beam because it is attached at one end. If deflection can be found experimentally and through mathematical calculation using certain standard formulas. The deflection distance of a beam under a load is directly related to the slope of the deflected shape of the member under the load.

To find the deflection using calculated methods, the two arms of the frame are considered distinct because the arms forces act different. The deflection comes as a result of forces applied on the frame. In the frame a, a force of 150N was applied at point A while a force of 200N is applied at point B. For calculated values, the forces acting on section AB are calculated by finding the strain energy result from the Force applied by the load. By the method of partial differential, the energy is partially differentiated giving the deflection of Y1. The same is done for section CB also. Deflection at Y1 was found to be 0.0068mm while deflection at Y2 was also found to be 0.0078mm. The deflection at Y2 was found to be more than that of Y2, this is because two forces acts on section CB, that is the force of the load applied at B and the force of the load applied at A, both adds up since they move in the same direction.

We worked on the experimental part step by step as explained by the procedures. The first load was placed at point A and the deflection was measured, it was found to be 0.00357mm. The next was placed at point B and the deflection was measured and it was found to be 0.00392mm. Experimental values always differ with calculated values because experiments are not perfect and some difficulties encountered alter the results. The results was not validated in this experiment because the difference between calculated and experimental values was too large for the results to be validated. Accepted results are those which calculated values differs slightly with experimental values. The difference between calculated and experimented results for Y1 is 0.0033mm while for Y₂ is 0.0039mm. Differences are caused by factors such as temperatures because high temperatures make metals more ductile, impurities present in the element material being used and poor reading of the results the person carrying out the experiment. This can be improved by using the latest technologies that can measure the readings electronically.

References

Biltu Mahato1, Anil2, Harish H.V. (2015). Experimental verification of deflection of beam using

theoretical and numerical approach. International Journal of Advance Research in Engineering, Science & Technology (IJAREST). 2(3).

Gere, James M., and Barry J. Goodno. 2012. Mechanics of materials. Stamford, Conn: Cengage

Learning.

Leckie, F. A., & Dal, B. D. J. (2009). Strength and stiffness of engineering systems. New York:

Springer.